May, 2021 - Nuranu

In today’s China, there are thousands of international famous brands of electric vehicles on the market at this stage, and the two factions of electric vehicles with lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries have their own characteristics and advantages. Although electric vehicles are rapidly transforming For so many years, many people have been confused about the choice of batteries for a long time, and they do not know what the difference between the two is. Well, today we will talk about the difference between lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles and lithium batteries for electric vehicles.

The difference between lead-acid and lithium battery electric vehicles.

1. The appearance design of lithium battery is better than that of lead-acid battery.

Lithium batteries need to be much smaller in size and quality than lead-acid batteries. In most cases, the total weight of lead-acid batteries is 16-30 kg, and the size is relatively large; while the total weight of lithium batteries is 3 in most cases. -3.0KG, the body is relatively small, so it is light for riding and convenient for shipping. In most cases, lithium battery electric vehicles are light and beautiful, easy to move, and many lithium battery electric vehicles can also be folded.

1. Durability and battery life:

The service life of lead-acid batteries is usually 2 years, while lithium batteries are more durable, with a lifespan of 4-5 years; and lead-acid batteries are usually fully charged and discharged within 300 cycles, while lithium batteries are fully charged and discharged. more than five hundred times.

2. Volume quality and ease of operation.

Compared with the lightweight body of only 2.5/3 kilograms of lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries of the same capacity usually weigh about 16/30 kilograms; not only the battery quality is relatively large, but also the volume; The disassembly design makes it more convenient and quick to carry.

3. Market price and cost performance.

At this stage, the mainstream lead-acid batteries on the market are about 450 yuan, while the price of lithium batteries is more expensive at 1,000 yuan; the prices of the two types of batteries are different, and the corresponding electric vehicle prices are also relatively different. At the same time, the warranty period of lithium battery is 1 year longer than that of lead acid, and the warranty period is 2 years.

4. Cruising range and battery capacity.

The same is a 48V battery. Under the condition of full power, the cruising range of lead-acid/lithium battery electric vehicles is almost the same. In fact, the key lies in factors such as speed and motor size. Naturally, lead-acid batteries will slightly exceed lithium batteries in terms of battery capacity.

In general, lead-acid batteries are the most numerous. The price of lead-acid batteries is the lowest and most common. China is the largest producer and exporter of lead-acid batteries in the world. It contains relatively few polluting components and has good recyclability. The disadvantage is that the specific volume is small. In other words, under the same capacity, the battery weight and volume are large. At this stage, most of the lead-acid batteries are transformed from floating charge batteries. Float rechargeable batteries reject fast charging and high-current discharge. Although professional and technical personnel have spent a lot of effort and made fruitful improvements, they can be put into practical use, but their lifespan is still very unsatisfactory. Which one is better depends on your own cost budget and needs. However, considering that after the announcement of the new national standard national policy, electric vehicles must be changed to the registered side before they can ride on the road normally, so it is best to choose an electric vehicle that meets the standard.

For batteries, the focus is often on capacity and energy density, and these data can often intuitively reflect the length of cruising range. But what we should note is that most batteries are electrochemical products. Since it is related to chemistry, its performance has a great relationship with temperature. Let’s first look at the effect of temperature on battery performance through data.

The capacity of the battery is most closely related to the cruising range. How much does temperature affect the battery capacity? It can be seen that when the discharge current is 100A, the battery capacity shrinks by 1.7% and 7.7% respectively from 20°C to 0°C and then to -20°C. This means that even if the temperature is as low as -20°C, the battery can still reach more than 90% of the nominal capacity. It can be said that the effect of temperature on battery capacity is relatively small. However, this does not mean that we can ignore the effect of temperature on the battery. According to the information provided by experts, under the condition that the charging current is 5A, the charging time at the ambient temperature of -25℃ is 63% slower than the charging time at 25℃.

Battery life is also a concern. According to the data, if a battery with a capacity of 3500mAh works in an environment of -10°C, after less than 100 charge and discharge cycles, the power will rapidly decay to 500mAh, and it will basically be scrapped. That is to say, in a working environment of -10°C, if you charge and discharge once, the battery will be scrapped and replaced after three months. This figure may be a bit exaggerated, but low temperatures do drastically shorten battery life.

Therefore, regarding the impact of low temperature on the battery, the conclusion is that although the low temperature environment has little effect on the discharge performance of the battery, it will seriously affect the charging performance of the battery and greatly shorten the life of the battery.

There are two main aspects to the battery technology winter solution for low temperature environment, one is the progress of battery technology, and the other is the maintenance of electric vehicle battery in winter.

For electric vehicle lithium battery maintenance methods in winter: In addition to relying on the technological progress of lithium battery factories, consumers can also perform winter maintenance of electric vehicle batteries through some simple methods. So how do you go about doing it? First, pay attention to the charging method, try not to charge the battery under low temperature conditions, and the same is true for high temperatures. When the high temperature exceeds 30 °C, the charging needs to increase the current input. Second, when charging in winter, you can use the method of charging several times. When the battery is charged, you can charge more at one time. Third, maintain a full power state. In winter, when the battery discharge exceeds 50%, the electrolyte will be in danger of freezing. Therefore, in winter, the battery should try to keep it above 50% of the power. Fourth, every other period Time to start the car, charge it, don’t let the battery discharge too much, don’t let the electric car sit outside for too long in the winter. In this way, I believe that our lithium battery electric vehicle will be safe this winter.